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<title>DP Chemistry: Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds</title>
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science </a></li><li><a href="../19519/metals-and-icp-spectroscopy-1.html">Metals and ICP spectroscopy</a></li><li><a href="../19541/catalysts--1.html">Catalysts </a></li><li><a href="../19580/liquid-crystals-1.html">Liquid crystals</a></li><li><a href="../19665/polymers--1.html">Polymers </a></li><li><a href="../19672/nanotechnology-1.html">Nanotechnology</a></li><li><a href="../19843/environmental-impact-plastics-1.html">Environmental impact - plastics</a></li><li><a href="../19858/superconducting-metals-x-ray-crystallography--1.html">Superconducting metals & X-ray crystallography </a></li><li><a href="../19666/condensation-polymers-1.html">Condensation polymers</a></li><li><a href="../19916/environmental-impact-heavy-metals-1.html">Environmental impact - heavy metals</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../19284/option-b--1.html" class="father">Option B </a><ul class="level-2"><li><a href="../19290/introduction-to-biochemistry--1.html">Introduction to biochemistry </a></li><li><a href="../19287/proteins-enzymes--1.html">Proteins & enzymes </a></li><li><a href="../19291/lipids-1.html">Lipids</a></li><li><a href="../19299/carbohydrates--1.html">Carbohydrates </a></li><li><a href="../19305/vitamins--1.html">Vitamins </a></li><li><a href="../19313/biochemistry-the-environment--1.html">Biochemistry & the environment </a></li><li><a href="../19336/proteins-enzymes-ahl--1.html">Proteins & enzymes (AHL) </a></li><li><a href="../19347/nucleic-acids--1.html">Nucleic acids </a></li><li><a href="../19361/biological-pigments--1.html">Biological pigments </a></li><li><a href="../19366/stereochemistry-in-biomolecules-1.html">Stereochemistry in biomolecules</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../19390/option-c--1.html" class="father">Option C </a><ul class="level-2"><li><a href="../19391/energy-sources-1.html">Energy sources</a></li><li><a href="../19407/fossil-fuels-1.html">Fossil fuels</a></li><li><a href="../19411/nuclear-fusion-nuclear-fission-reactions-1.html">Nuclear fusion & nuclear fission reactions</a></li><li><a href="../19429/solar-energy-1.html">Solar energy</a></li><li><a href="../19437/environmental-impact-global-warming-1.html">Environmental impact - global warming</a></li><li><a href="../19453/electrochemistry-rechargeable-batteries-fuel-cells-1.html">Electrochemistry, rechargeable batteries & fuel cells</a></li><li><a href="../19458/nuclear-fusion-fission-hl--1.html">Nuclear fusion & fission (HL) </a></li><li><a href="../19470/photovoltaic-cells-and-dsscs-1.html">Photovoltaic cells and DSSCs</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../19078/option-d-1.html" class="father">Option D</a><ul class="level-2"><li><a href="../19079/pharmaceutical-products-drug-action--1.html">Pharmaceutical products & drug action </a></li><li><a href="../19158/aspirin-penicillin--1.html">Aspirin & penicillin </a></li><li><a href="../19174/opiates-1.html">Opiates</a></li><li><a href="../19184/ph-regulation-of-the-stomach-1.html">pH regulation of the stomach</a></li><li><a href="../19194/antiviral-medications--1.html">Antiviral medications </a></li><li><a href="../19211/environmental-impact-of-some-medications-1.html">Environmental impact of some medications</a></li><li><a href="../19254/taxol-a-chiral-auxiliary-case-study-1.html">Taxol - a chiral auxiliary case study</a></li><li><a href="../19258/nuclear-medicine--1.html">Nuclear medicine </a></li><li><a href="../19273/drug-detection-analysis--1.html">Drug detection & analysis </a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><a href="../16592/practical-scheme-of-work-ia--1.html">Practical scheme of work & IA </a><ul class="level-1"><li><a href="../16682/internal-assessment-1.html" class="father">Internal Assessment</a><ul class="level-2"><li><a href="../18892/scaffolding-the-investigation-1.html">'Scaffolding' the investigation</a></li><li><a href="../18896/timing-organisation--1.html">Timing & organisation </a></li><li><a href="../18905/choosing-the-research-question-1.html">Choosing the research question</a></li><li><a href="../18946/personal-engagement-1.html">Personal engagement</a></li><li><a href="../18950/exploration-1.html">Exploration</a></li><li><a href="../18957/analysis-1.html">Analysis</a></li><li><a href="../18965/evaluation-1.html">Evaluation</a></li><li><a href="../18966/communication-1.html">Communication</a></li><li><a href="../19882/internal-standardization-of-the-ia-1.html">Internal standardization of the IA</a></li><li><a href="../19901/submitting-the-samples-for-moderation-2.html">Submitting the samples for moderation</a></li><li><a href="../33754/ten-suggestions-for-ias-using-secondary-data-1.html">Ten suggestions for IAs using secondary data</a></li><li><a href="../37544/gaining-full-marks-for-a-databased-ia--1.html">Gaining full marks for a databased IA </a></li><li><a href="../19506/ia-example-marking-exercise--1.html">IA example & marking exercise </a></li><li><a href="../23929/genuine-examples-of-moderated-ia-reports-1.html">Genuine examples of moderated IA reports</a></li><li><a href="../25234/examples-of-teacher-marked-ia-reports--1.html">Examples of teacher-marked IA reports </a></li><li><a href="../37542/history-of-internal-assessment-1.html">History of Internal Assessment</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../16598/mandatory-laboratory-components-1.html" class="father">Mandatory laboratory components</a><ul class="level-2"><li><a href="../16613/formula-of-magnesium-oxide--1.html">Formula of magnesium oxide </a></li><li><a href="../16612/determining-the-mr-of-an-unknown-gas-1.html">Determining the <i>M</i><sub>r</sub> of an unknown gas</a></li><li><a href="../16615/acid-base-titrations--1.html">Acid-base titrations </a></li><li><a href="../16616/a-green-acid-base-practical-1.html">A green acid-base practical</a></li><li><a href="../16617/analysis-of-aspirin-tablets-1.html">Analysis of aspirin tablets</a></li><li><a href="../16618/caco3-in-egg-shells-1.html">CaCO<sub>3</sub> in egg shells</a></li><li><a href="../16644/enthalpy-changes-1.html">Enthalpy changes</a></li><li><a href="../16631/reaction-rates-1.html">Reaction rates</a></li><li><a href="../16635/rate-dependent-factors-1.html">Rate-dependent factors</a></li><li><a href="../16636/determining-ea-for-a-reaction-1.html">Determining <i>E</i><sub>a</sub> for a reaction</a></li><li><a href="../16637/iodination-of-propanone-1.html">Iodination of propanone</a></li><li><a href="../18144/titrations-with-a-ph-meter-1.html">Titrations with a pH meter</a></li><li><a href="../18355/redox-titration-with-kmno4--1.html">Redox titration with KMnO<sub>4</sub> </a></li><li><a href="../16640/voltaic-cells-1.html">Voltaic cells</a></li><li><a href="../16659/3-d-molecular-modelling--1.html">3-D molecular modelling </a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../17168/other-good-practicals-1.html" class="father">Other good practicals</a><ul class="level-2"><li><a href="../17196/common-chemical-reactions-1.html">Common chemical reactions</a></li><li><a href="../227/elements-oxides-of-the-third-period--1.html">Elements & oxides of the third period </a></li><li><a href="../17239/the-halogens-1.html">The halogens</a></li><li><a href="../17162/boiling-points-of-mixtures-1.html">Boiling points of mixtures</a></li><li><a href="../17170/polarity-of-molecules-1.html">Polarity of molecules</a></li><li><a href="../18083/le-chateliers-principle--1.html">Le Chatelier's principle </a></li><li><a href="../19582/determining-kc-for-an-esterification-reaction-1.html">Determining <i>K</i><sub>c</sub> for an esterification reaction</a></li><li><a href="../18164/redox-reactions-of-vanadium--1.html">Redox reactions of vanadium </a></li><li><a href="../18351/chlorine-in-swimming-pools--1.html">Chlorine in swimming pools </a></li><li><a href="../18178/analysis-of-cuii-ions-in-solution--1.html">Analysis of Cu(II) ions in solution </a></li><li><a href="../18179/percentage-of-copper-in-brass-1.html">Percentage of copper in brass</a></li><li><a href="../18356/electrolytic-cells--1.html">Electrolytic cells </a></li><li><a href="../18598/reactions-of-organic-compounds-1.html">Reactions of organic compounds</a></li><li><a href="../18752/hydrolysis-of-halogenoalkanes-1.html">Hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes</a></li><li><a href="../18784/preparation-of-13-dinitrobenzene--1.html">Preparation of 1,3-dinitrobenzene </a></li><li><a href="../19022/determination-of-an-organic-structure-1.html">Determination of an organic structure</a></li><li><a href="../19887/preparation-of-nylon-66-1.html">Preparation of nylon 6,6</a></li><li><a href="../19343/determination-of-vitamin-c-content--1.html">Determination of vitamin C content </a></li><li><a href="../19342/hydrolysis-of-starch--1.html">Hydrolysis of starch </a></li><li><a href="../19159/preparation-purification-of-aspirin--1.html">Preparation & purification of aspirin </a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../18851/ict-in-practical-work-1.html" class="father">ICT in practical work</a><ul class="level-2"><li><a href="../18852/data-logging--1.html">Data logging </a></li><li><a href="../18853/software-for-graph-plotting--1.html">Software for graph plotting </a></li><li><a href="../18854/spreadsheets-for-data-processing--1.html">Spreadsheets for data processing </a></li><li><a href="../18855/databases-1.html">Databases</a></li><li><a href="../18856/computer-modelling-simulations--1.html">Computer modelling & simulations </a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../16594/group-4-project-1.html" class="father">Group 4 Project</a><ul class="level-2"><li><a href="../16595/practicalities-1.html">Practicalities</a></li><li><a href="../16596/reflective-statement--2.html">Reflective statement </a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../16666/a-new-laboratory-1.html">A new laboratory?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../16284/exams-1.html">Exams</a><ul class="level-1"><li><a href="../16286/essential-facts-1.html" class="father">Essential Facts</a><ul class="level-2"><li><a href="../16287/objectives-command-terms-1.html">Objectives & command terms</a></li><li><a href="../16288/grade-descriptors-1.html">Grade descriptors</a></li><li><a href="../16289/grade-boundaries-1.html">Grade boundaries</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../16302/paper-1-multiple-choice-1.html" class="father">Paper 1 (Multiple Choice)</a><ul class="level-2"><li><a href="../16303/advice-to-students-paper-1-1.html">Advice to students (Paper 1)</a></li><li><a href="../31515/practice-paper-1-exams-1.html">Practice Paper 1 exams</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../16305/paper-2-1.html" class="father">Paper 2</a><ul class="level-2"><li><a href="../16306/advice-to-students-paper-2-1.html">Advice to students (Paper 2)</a></li><li><a href="../16307/areas-of-difficulty-1.html">Areas of difficulty</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../16313/paper-3--1.html" class="father">Paper 3 </a><ul class="level-2"><li><a href="../16314/advice-to-students-paper-3-1.html">Advice to students (Paper 3)</a></li><li><a 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Chemistry?</a></li><li><a href="../3505/a-modern-paradigm-1.html">A modern paradigm</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><a href="../17783/fast-track-to-tests-questions-1.html">Fast track to tests & questions</a><ul class="level-1"><li><a href="../17784/sl-multiple-choice-tests-on-individual-topics-1.html">SL Multiple choice tests on individual topics</a></li><li><a href="../24351/sl-multiple-choice-quizzes-on-sub-topics-1.html">SL Multiple choice 'quizzes' on sub-topics</a></li><li><a href="../31519/sl-practice-paper-1-exams-1.html">SL Practice Paper 1 exams</a></li><li><a href="../17786/sl-questions-on-each-sub-topic-1.html">SL Questions on each sub-topic</a></li><li><a href="../20431/sl-paper-3-section-a-questions-1.html">SL Paper 3 Section A questions</a></li><li><a href="../17792/sl-questions-on-the-options-1.html">SL Questions on the options</a></li><li><a href="../24897/sl-quizzes-on-option-sub-topics--1.html">SL Quizzes on option sub-topics </a></li><li><a href="../17785/hl-multiple-choice-tests-on-individual-topics-1.html">HL Multiple choice tests on individual topics</a></li><li><a href="../24352/hl-multiple-choice-quizzes-on-sub-topics-1.html">HL Multiple choice 'quizzes' on sub-topics</a></li><li><a href="../31520/hl-practice-paper-1-exams--1.html">HL Practice Paper 1 exams </a></li><li><a href="../17787/hl-questions-on-each-sub-topic--1.html">HL Questions on each sub-topic </a></li><li><a href="../20428/hl-paper-3-section-a-questions-1.html">HL Paper 3 Section A questions</a></li><li><a href="../17793/hl-questions-on-the-options-1.html">HL Questions on the options</a></li><li><a href="../24973/hl-quizzes-on-option-sub-topics-1.html">HL Quizzes on option sub-topics</a></li><li><a href="../41573/printable-versions-of-written-tasks--1.html">Printable versions of written tasks </a></li></ul></li><li><a href="../41465/complete-course-for-students--2.html">Complete course for students </a><ul class="level-1"><li><a 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title="Equilibrium law questions">Equilibrium law questions</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18120/topics-8-18--1.html" title="Topics 8 & 18 ">Topics 8 & 18 </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18124/theories-of-acids-bases--1.html" title="Theories of acids & bases ">Theories of acids & bases </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24662/mc-test-theories-of-acids-bases-1.html" title="MC test: Theories of acids & bases">MC test: Theories of acids & bases</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../40963/theories-of-acids-bases-questions-1.html" title="Theories of acids & bases questions">Theories of acids & bases questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18126/properties-of-acids-bases-1.html" title="Properties of acids & bases">Properties of acids & bases</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24663/mc-test-properties-of-acids-bases--1.html" title="MC test: Properties of acids & bases ">MC test: Properties of acids & bases </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../40964/properties-of-acids-bases-questions-1.html" title="Properties of acids & bases questions">Properties of acids & bases questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18140/ph-scale-1.html" title="pH scale">pH scale</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24668/mc-test-the-ph-scale-1.html" title="MC test: The pH scale">MC test: The pH scale</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../40971/ph-scale-questions-1.html" title="pH scale questions">pH scale questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18152/strong-weak-acids-bases-1.html" title="Strong & weak acids & bases">Strong & weak acids & bases</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24670/mc-test-strong-weak-acids-bases-1.html" title="MC test: Strong & weak acids & bases">MC test: Strong & weak acids & bases</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../40972/strong-weak-acid-bases-questions-1.html" title="Strong & weak acid & bases questions">Strong & weak acid & bases questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18156/acid-deposition-1.html" title="Acid deposition">Acid deposition</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24674/mc-test-acid-deposition-1.html" title="MC test: Acid deposition">MC test: Acid deposition</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../40983/acid-deposition-questions-1.html" title="Acid deposition questions">Acid deposition questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18160/lewis-acids-bases-1.html" title="Lewis acids & bases">Lewis acids & bases</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24710/mc-test-lewis-acids-bases-1.html" title="MC test: Lewis acids & bases">MC test: Lewis acids & bases</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../40986/lewis-acids-bases-questions-1.html" title="Lewis acids & bases questions">Lewis acids & bases questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18250/acid-base-calculations-1.html" title="Acid base calculations">Acid base calculations</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24714/mc-test-calculations-involving-acids-bases--1.html" title="MC test: Calculations involving acids & bases ">MC test: Calculations involving acids & bases </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../40988/acid-base-calculations-questions--1.html" title="Acid-base calculations questions ">Acid-base calculations questions </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../26161/ph-titration-curves-1.html" title="pH titration curves">pH titration curves</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../26158/mc-test-ph-curves-1.html" title="MC test: pH curves">MC test: pH curves</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41000/ph-curves-questions--1.html" title="pH curves questions ">pH curves questions </a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18350/topics-9-19-1.html" title="Topics 9 & 19">Topics 9 & 19</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18365/oxidation-reduction-1.html" title="Oxidation & reduction">Oxidation & reduction</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24725/mc-test-oxidation-reduction-1.html" title="MC test: Oxidation & reduction">MC test: Oxidation & reduction</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41033/oxidation-reduction-questions-1--1.html" title="Oxidation & reduction questions (1) ">Oxidation & reduction questions (1) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41034/oxidation-reduction-questions-2-1.html" title="Oxidation & reduction questions (2)">Oxidation & reduction questions (2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41035/oxidation-reduction-questions-3-1.html" title="Oxidation & reduction questions (3)">Oxidation & reduction questions (3)</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18383/electrochemical-cells-1.html" title="Electrochemical cells">Electrochemical cells</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24740/mc-test-electrochemical-cells-1.html" title="MC test: Electrochemical cells">MC test: Electrochemical cells</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41072/electrochemical-cells-questions--1.html" title="Electrochemical cells questions ">Electrochemical cells questions </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18401/electrochemical-cells-ahl--1.html" title="Electrochemical cells (AHL) ">Electrochemical cells (AHL) </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24742/mc-test-electrochemical-cells-ahl-1.html" title="MC test: Electrochemical cells (AHL)">MC test: Electrochemical cells (AHL)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41098/electrochemical-cells-1-ahl-questions-1.html" title="Electrochemical cells (1) (AHL) questions">Electrochemical cells (1) (AHL) questions</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41099/electrochemical-cells-2-ahl-questions-1.html" title="Electrochemical cells (2) (AHL) questions">Electrochemical cells (2) (AHL) questions</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18475/topics-10-20--1.html" title="Topics 10 & 20 ">Topics 10 & 20 </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18497/fundamentals-of-organic-chemistry--1.html" title="Fundamentals of organic chemistry ">Fundamentals of organic chemistry </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24749/mc-test-fundamentals-of-organic-chemistry-1.html" title="MC test: Fundamentals of organic chemistry">MC test: Fundamentals of organic chemistry</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41111/fundamentals-of-organic-chemistry-1-questions-1.html" title="Fundamentals of organic chemistry (1) questions">Fundamentals of organic chemistry (1) questions</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41112/fundamentals-of-organic-chemistry-2-questions-1.html" title="Fundamentals of organic chemistry (2) questions">Fundamentals of organic chemistry (2) questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18597/alkanes-alkenes-addition-polymers-1.html" title="Alkanes, alkenes & addition polymers">Alkanes, alkenes & addition polymers</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24750/mc-test-alkanes-alkenes-addition-polymers-1.html" title="MC test: Alkanes, alkenes & addition polymers">MC test: Alkanes, alkenes & addition polymers</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41121/alkanes-questions-1.html" title="Alkanes questions">Alkanes questions</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41124/alkenes-questions-1.html" title="Alkenes questions">Alkenes questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18741/alcohols--1.html" title="Alcohols ">Alcohols </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24772/mc-test-alcohols-1.html" title="MC test: Alcohols">MC test: Alcohols</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41125/alcohols-questions-1.html" title="Alcohols questions">Alcohols questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18742/halogenoalkanes-benzene--1.html" title="Halogenoalkanes & benzene ">Halogenoalkanes & benzene </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24797/mc-test-halogenoalkanes-benzene-1.html" title="MC test: Halogenoalkanes & benzene">MC test: Halogenoalkanes & benzene</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41130/halogenoalkanes-benzene-questions-1.html" title="Halogenoalkanes & benzene questions">Halogenoalkanes & benzene questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18762/nucleophilic-substitution--1.html" title="Nucleophilic substitution ">Nucleophilic substitution </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24757/mc-test-nucleophilic-substitution-1.html" title="MC test: Nucleophilic substitution">MC test: Nucleophilic substitution</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41138/nucleophilic-substitution-questions-1.html" title="Nucleophilic substitution questions">Nucleophilic substitution questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18766/electrophilic-addition--1.html" title="Electrophilic addition ">Electrophilic addition </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24805/mc-test-electrophilic-addition-electrophilic-substitution-reacti-2.html" title="MC test: Electrophilic addition & electrophilic substitution reactions">MC test: Electrophilic addition & electrophilic substitution reactions</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41148/electrophilic-addition-questions-1.html" title="Electrophilic addition questions">Electrophilic addition questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18780/electrophilic-substitution--2.html" title="Electrophilic substitution ">Electrophilic substitution </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41149/electrophilic-substitution-questions-1.html" title="Electrophilic substitution questions">Electrophilic substitution questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18793/reduction-reactions--1.html" title="Reduction reactions ">Reduction reactions </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24811/mc-test-reduction-reactions-1.html" title="MC test: Reduction reactions">MC test: Reduction reactions</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41150/reduction-reactions-questions-1.html" title="Reduction reactions questions">Reduction reactions questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18797/synthetic-routes--1.html" title="Synthetic routes ">Synthetic routes </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24822/mc-test-synthetic-routes-1.html" title="MC test: Synthetic routes">MC test: Synthetic routes</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41152/synthetic-routes-questions--1.html" title="Synthetic routes questions ">Synthetic routes questions </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../18844/stereoisomerism--1.html" title="Stereoisomerism ">Stereoisomerism </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24817/mc-test-stereoisomerism-1.html" title="MC test: Stereoisomerism">MC test: Stereoisomerism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../41166/stereoisomerism-questions-1.html" title="Stereoisomerism questions">Stereoisomerism questions</a></li></ul></ul><li class="ancestor parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right fa-rotate-90"></i><a href="../17285/topics-11-21--1.html" title="Topics 11 & 21 ">Topics 11 & 21 </a></li><ul class="level-2 expanded"><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../17276/uncertainty-errors--1.html" title="Uncertainty & errors ">Uncertainty & errors </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24818/mc-test-uncertainties-errors-1.html" title="MC test: Uncertainties & errors">MC test: Uncertainties & errors</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../38869/uncertainty-error-questions--1.html" title="Uncertainty & error questions ">Uncertainty & error questions </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../15014/graphical-techniques-1.html" title="Graphical techniques">Graphical techniques</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24819/mc-test-graphical-techniques-1.html" title="MC test: Graphical techniques">MC test: Graphical techniques</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39387/graphical-techniques-questions--1.html" title="Graphical techniques questions ">Graphical techniques questions </a></li></ul><li class="current parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right fa-rotate-90"></i><a href="spectroscopic-identification-of-organic-compounds-1.html" title="Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds">Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds</a></li><ul class="level-3 expanded"><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24820/mc-test-spectroscopic-identification-of-organic-compounds--1.html" title="MC test: Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds ">MC test: Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39388/index-of-hydrogen-deficiency-questions-1.html" title="Index of hydrogen deficiency questions">Index of hydrogen deficiency questions</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39351/identification-from-spectra-question-1-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 1">Identification from spectra - Question 1</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39353/identification-from-spectra-question-2-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 2">Identification from spectra - Question 2</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39354/identification-from-spectra-question-3-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 3">Identification from spectra - Question 3</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39355/identification-from-spectra-question-4-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 4">Identification from spectra - Question 4</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39356/identification-from-spectra-question-5-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 5">Identification from spectra - Question 5</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39357/identification-from-spectra-question-6-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 6">Identification from spectra - Question 6</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39358/identification-from-spectra-question-7-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 7">Identification from spectra - Question 7</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39359/identification-from-spectra-question-8-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 8">Identification from spectra - Question 8</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39360/identification-from-spectra-question-9-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 9">Identification from spectra - Question 9</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39361/identification-from-spectra-question-10-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 10">Identification from spectra - Question 10</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../19027/spectroscopic-identification-of-organic-compounds-ahl--1.html" title="Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds (AHL) ">Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds (AHL) </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../24821/mc-test-spectroscopic-identification-of-organic-compounds-ahl-1.html" title="MC test: Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds (AHL)">MC test: Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds (AHL)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39375/identification-from-spectra-question-11-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 11">Identification from spectra - Question 11</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39376/identification-from-spectra-question-12-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 12">Identification from spectra - Question 12</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a 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href="../39381/identification-from-spectra-question-17-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 17">Identification from spectra - Question 17</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39382/identification-from-spectra-question-18-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 18">Identification from spectra - Question 18</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39383/identification-from-spectra-question-19-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 19">Identification from spectra - Question 19</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="../39385/identification-from-spectra-question-20-1.html" title="Identification from spectra - Question 20">Identification from spectra - Question 20</a></li></ul></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa 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</div><section id="main-content"><div id="toc-1672972953" class="toc"><a href="#" class="toc-switcher" title="Show table of contents"><small><i class="fa fa-reorder"></i> Table of contents <span class="pull-right"><i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i></span></small></a></div><h1><strong><img alt="" src="../../../ib/chemistry/images/2014%20Core%20%26%20AHL/Topics%2011%20%26%2021/GeoffRunner(small).jpg" style="width: 1px; height: 1px;"><img alt="" src="../../../ib/chemistry/images/2014%20Core%20%26%20AHL/Topics%2011%20%26%2021/GeoffRunner(small).jpg" style="width: 1px; height: 1px;"><img alt="" height="21" src="../../../img/tib-icons/standard-level-32-1.png" title="" width="21"> <img alt="" height="21" src="../../../img/tib-icons/higher-level-32-1.png" title="" width="21"> 11.3 Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds (6 hours)</strong></h1><div class="blueBg"><h2>Pause for thought</h2><p>Spectroscopy (<sup>1</sup>H NMR, mass spectrometry and IR) was part of the core/AHL for the IB programme that was examined from 2003 – 2008 but was removed from the core/AHL for the last programme examined from 2009 – 2015. I’m pleased that spectroscopy has now returned to the core/AHL. It is relevant to students who are not progressing further with science after they complete their Diploma, as they will often come across references to it throughout their lives. These may include newspaper articles on the latest athlete to fail a drug test (below left) or a forensic report in a sensational murder trial or more mundanely when they go into hospital themselves for an MRI scan (below right). For the student who is going on to university to study a science or a science-based subject modern analytical chemistry features highly in the study of many different disciplines. The knowledge gained in this sub-topic will also be used in each of the four options.</p><hr class="hidden"><p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="no border" src="../../../ib/chemistry/images/2014%20Core%20%26%20AHL/Topics%2011%20%26%2021/GeoffRunner(small).jpg" style="width: 363px; height: 335px;" title="Cartoon by David Ripley"> <img alt="" class="noborder" src="../../../ib/chemistry/images/2014%20Core%20%26%20AHL/Topics%2011%20%26%2021/Osteochondroma_MRI.jpg" style="width: 333px; height: 336px;" title="MRI of the knee demonstrating ossification in the peritendinous tissues in a patient with osteochondroma - Wikimedia commons"></p><hr class="hidden"><p>The treatment of <sup>1</sup>H NMR, IR and mass spectrometry is relatively simple for the diploma programme with the emphasis on their use to elucidate structures. No operating techniques are required for this sub-topic. It does however appeal to many students as they can use analysis and derive intellectual satisfaction by solving problems that rely on the data from several different analytical sources. Students should also be encouraged to look at problems the ‘other way round’ by predicting what the spectra of a particular compound will look like.</p><hr class="hidden"><p>There is one disadvantage when teaching this sub-topic. Most school laboratories will not have their own <sup>1</sup>H NMR. IR or mass spectrometer (there are exceptions!). However not all practical work needs to be ‘hands on’ so it is good to get students to visit the chemistry department of the local university or the research laboratories of a nearby company such as a pharmaceutical firm to see the instruments in operation. There are also good videos, many produced by the Royal Society of Chemistry, that cover most, if not all, of the important concepts although they do tend to overemphasise the operating techniques. Since there is a wealth of spectroscopic data this sub-topic may also generate ideas for the Individual Scientific Investigation.</p><hr class="hidden"></div><hr class="hidden"><div class="box"><h2>Nature of science</h2><p>Identification and the determination of structure have become routine due to improvements in the instrumentation involved in mass spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy.<br>Models have been developed in order to explain some phenomena, e.g. spectra based on the model of bond vibrations, that may not be observable.</p><hr class="hidden"></div><hr class="hidden"><div class="box"><div class="yellowBg"><div class="row-fluid"><div class="span6 col-left"><div><h2>Learning outcomes</h2><p>After studying this topic students should be able to:</p><p><strong><strong>Understand:</strong></strong></p><ul><li>The index of hydrogen deficiency, IHD, otherwise known as the degree of unsaturation. It can be used to determine the number of rings or multiple bonds in a molecule from its molecular formula.</li><li>Techniques that can be used to identify compounds and to determine their structure include mass spectrometry, MS, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, and infrared spectroscopy, IR.</li></ul><p><strong>Apply their knowledge to:</strong></p><ul><li>Determine the IHD from a molecular formula.</li><li>Deduce information about the structural features of a compound from its percentage composition, MS, <sup>1</sup>H NMR or IR.</li></ul></div></div><div class="span6"><div><div style="clear:both;"><h4>Clarification notes</h4><p>The electromagnetic spectrum, EMS, can be found in Section 3 of the data booklet.</p><p>The regions of the EMS applicable to each technique should be understood.</p><p>The operating principles are not required for any of these spectroscopic method. The characteristic ranges for IR absorptions (Section 26), 1H NMR signals (Section 27) and specific MS fragments (Section 28) can be found in the data booklet.</p><p>For 1H NMR, only the ability to deduce the number of different hydrogen (proton) environments and the relative numbers of hydrogen atoms in each environment<br>is required. Splitting patterns are not required but integration traces should be covered.</p><hr class="hidden"><h4>International-mindedness</h4><p>Scientists from different countries continually collaborate to monitor and analyse the presence and amounts of toxins and xenobiotics in the environment using spectroscopic techniques.</p><hr class="hidden"></div></div></div></div></div></div><hr class="hidden"><div class="box"><div class="row-fluid"><div class="span6 col-left"><div><h2>Teaching tips</h2><p>It probably makes sense to cover the index of hydrogen deficiency first as it is a rather stand alone concept compared to the rest of the sub-topic. Basically the hydrogen content falls as the number of double and triple bonds increases or the compound is cyclic (although cyclic compounds feature very little on this programme). Once students understand the basic idea then they can use the formula:</p><p>IHD = ½ x (2x + 2 - y) where x = the number of carbon atoms and y = the number of hydrogen atoms.</p><p>You will also need to cover how other common atoms such as O, S, halides and N are treated.</p><p>Students will already have some understanding of mass spectrometry from <a href="../16914/the-nuclear-atom--1.html" title="New 2014 programme (First exams 2016) ">Topic 2.1 The nuclear atom. </a>You will need to emphasise the importance of the molecular ion peak and the fact that fragments of organic molecules also give peaks.</p><p>Refer to the electromagnetic spectrum to explain that infrared spectroscopy is due to bond vibrations whereas <sup>1</sup>H NMR involves much lower energy in the radio region as it concerns nuclear spin. This is why MRI is virtually completely harmless compared to X-rays. At this level students need to see a few IR spectra and realise that only certain functional groups are easy to assign using the data booklet (e.g. −OH and C=O). It is worth mentioning the finger print region, which is unique to each compound, although students are not expected to use it.</p><p>For <sup>1</sup>H NMR place more emphasis on the importance of the number of signals and the area under each signal than on the chemical shift as this can vary according to solvent. Use examples such as the isomers of butane or pentane to show how the number of signals and their integration trace can be helpful in elucidating structure.</p><p>Finally get them to work through the attached examples of how these three techniques can be combined to unambiguously determine the structure of an organic compound once its empirical formula is known.</p><hr class="hidden"></div></div><div class="span6"><div><h4>Study guide</h4><p><img alt="" class="noborder" src="../../../ib/chemistry/images/2014%20Basic%20information/New%20cover.jpg" style="width: 67px; height: 96px;"></p><p>Pages 101 - 106</p><hr class="hidden"><h2>Questions</h2><p>For ten 'quiz' multiple choice questions with the answers explained see <a href="../24820/mc-test-spectroscopic-identification-of-organic-compounds--1.html" title="Core & AHL » Teaching each topic & sub-topic » Topics 11 & 21 » Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds » MC test: Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds ">MC test: Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds</a>.</p><p>For short-answer questions together with the worked answers. on IHD see <a href="../39388/index-of-hydrogen-deficiency-questions-1.html" title="Core & AHL » Teaching each topic & sub-topic » Topics 11 & 21 » Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds » Index of hydrogen deficiency questions">Index of hydrogen deficiency questions</a></p><p>For ten short-answer questions on identification of individual compounds from spectral data together with their worked answers see:<br><a href="../39351/identification-from-spectra-question-1-1.html" title="Core & AHL » Teaching each topic & sub-topic » Topics 11 & 21 » Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds » Identification from spectra - Question 1">Identification from spectra: Question 1</a>,<br><a href="../39353/identification-from-spectra-question-2-1.html" title="Core & AHL » Teaching each topic & sub-topic » Topics 11 & 21 » Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds » Identification from spectra - Question 2">Identification from spectra: Question 2</a>,<br><a href="../39354/identification-from-spectra-question-3-1.html" title="Core & AHL » Teaching each topic & sub-topic » Topics 11 & 21 » Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds » Identification from spectra - Question 3">Identification from spectra: Question 3</a>,<br><a href="../39355/identification-from-spectra-question-4-1.html" title="Core & AHL » Teaching each topic & sub-topic » Topics 11 & 21 » Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds » Identification from spectra - Question 4">Identification from spectra: Question 4</a>,<br><a href="../39356/identification-from-spectra-question-5-1.html" title="Core & AHL » Teaching each topic & sub-topic » Topics 11 & 21 » Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds » Identification from spectra - Question 5">Identification from spectra: Question 5</a>.<br><a href="../39357/identification-from-spectra-question-6-1.html" title="Core & AHL » Teaching each topic & sub-topic » Topics 11 & 21 » Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds » Identification from spectra - Question 6">Identification from spectra: Question 6.</a><br><a href="../39358/identification-from-spectra-question-7-1.html" title="Core & AHL » Teaching each topic & sub-topic » Topics 11 & 21 » Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds » Identification from spectra - Question 7">Identification from spectra: Question 7</a>.<br><a href="../39359/identification-from-spectra-question-8-1.html" title="Core & AHL » Teaching each topic & sub-topic » Topics 11 & 21 » Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds » Identification from spectra - Question 8">Identification from spectra: Question 8</a>.<br><a href="../39360/identification-from-spectra-question-9-1.html" title="Core & AHL » Teaching each topic & sub-topic » Topics 11 & 21 » Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds » Identification from spectra - Question 9">Identification from spectra: Question 9</a>.<br><a href="../39361/identification-from-spectra-question-10-1.html" title="Core & AHL » Teaching each topic & sub-topic » Topics 11 & 21 » Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds » Identification from spectra - Question 10">Identification from spectra: Question 10</a>.<br> </p><hr class="hidden"><h4>Vocabulary list</h4><p>degree of unsaturation<br>index of hydrogen deficiency, IHD<br>molecular ion<br>fragment<br>wavenumber<br>fingerprint region<br>proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,1HNMR<br>signal<br>integration trace</p><hr class="hidden"><h4>IM, TOK, 'Utilization' etc.</h4><p>See <a href="http://www.e.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17269/topics-11-21-" title="New 2014 programme (First exams 2016) ">separate page</a> which covers all of Topic 11.</p><hr class="hidden"><h2>Practical work</h2><p><img class="ico" src="../../../img/icons/lab-1.png"> Visit a chemistry research laboratory at the local university (or at a nearby industry).</p><hr class="hidden"></div></div><hr class="hidden"></div></div><hr class="hidden"><div class="greenBg"><h2 id="header-6">Teaching slides</h2><p>You can use this slide gallery for learning or for reviewing concepts and information. It covers all the key points in the syllabus for this sub-topic.</p><div id="myCarousel-15" class="carousel slide" data-id="406"><!-- Carousel items --><div class="carousel-inner"><div class="active item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/1131.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1131.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/1132.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1132.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="/files/tib-galleries/3-406/11.3.3.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="/files/tib-galleries/3-406/11.3.3.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/1134.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1134.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/1135.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1135.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/1136.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1136.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/1137.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1137.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/1138.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1138.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/1139.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1139.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/11310.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11310.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/11311.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11311.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/11312.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11312.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/11313.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11313.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/11314.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11314.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/11315.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11315.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div><div class="item"><a class="fancy" href="../../../tib-galleries/3-406/11316.png" rel="gallery-406" title=""><img alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11316.png"></a><div class="carousel-caption"><p>Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds: </p></div></div></div><!-- Carousel nav --><a class="carousel-control left" href="#myCarousel-15" data-slide="prev">‹</a><a class="carousel-control right" href="#myCarousel-15" data-slide="next">›</a><div class="tib-indicators"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 10px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1131-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1132-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="/files/tib-galleries/3-406/11.3.3-thumb128.png"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1134-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1135-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1136-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1137-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1138-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/1139-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11310-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11311-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11312-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11313-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11314-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11315-thumb128.jpg"><img class="" title="Click to view" style="margin: 5px 4px; width: 48px; height: 48px;" alt="" src="files/tib-galleries/3-406/11316-thumb128.jpg"></div></div><p> </p></div><hr class="hidden"><div class="blueBg"><h2><span style="font-weight: bold;">Other resources</span></h2><p><strong>1. </strong>Infrared spectrum of ethanol, CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH (to show broad -OH absorption and % transmittance and wavenumber axes)</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="no border" src="../../../ib/chemistry/images/Options/irethanol.gif" style="width: 448px; height: 276px;"></p><hr class="hidden"><p><strong>2.</strong> Infrared spectrum of butanone, CH<sub>3</sub>COCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub> (to show a typical carbonyl absorption at about 1720 cm<sup>−1</sup>)</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="no border" src="../../../ib/chemistry/images/Options/butanoneIR.gif" style="width: 448px; height: 222px;"></p><hr class="hidden"><p><strong>3. </strong>The <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum of ethanol, CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH. You will need to tell Standard Level students to Ignore the splitting. Note that the shift for the -OH proton occurs at 4.8 ppm. Section 27 of the IB data booklet lists it as occurring anywhere between 1.0 and 6.0 ppm..</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="no border" src="../../../ib/chemistry/images/Options/NMR%20ethanol.gif" style="width: 448px; height: 296px;"></p><hr class="hidden"><p><strong>4.</strong> Mass spectrum of ethyl ethanoate, CH<sub>3</sub>COOC<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>. Note the very small (M+1)<sup>+</sup> peak at m/z = 89 due to the presence of <sup>13</sup>C. See how many of the fragments your students (and you!) can identify.</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="noborder" src="../../../ib/chemistry/images/2014%20Core%20%26%20AHL/Topics%2011%20%26%2021/ethyl-ethanoate-mass-spec.png" style="width: 600px; height: 450px;"></p><hr class="hidden"></div></section></article><section id="media-extras"><div class="page-actions no-print navbar inline hidden-desktop"><div class="navbar-inner"><ul class="nav"><li><a class="presentation" href="#" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-desktop"></i></a></li><li><a class="print-section-blog" href="#" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-print"></i></a></li><li><a class="page-bookmarker" data-ticket="IB Docs (2) Team" data-pid="18968" href="#" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-star"></i></a></li><li><a class="personal-notes" href="#" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-file-text"></i></a></li><li><a class="" data-toggle="modal" href="#modal-feedback" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-envelope-o"></i></a></li><li class="dropdown"><a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" data-target="#" href="#"><i class="fa fa-share-alt"></i></a><ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li><a class="" target="_blank" title="Share on Twitter" href="https://twitter.com/share?text=%22Spectroscopic+identification+of+organic+compounds%22+-+via+%40InThinker+%23chemistry%0A&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fchemistry%2Fpage%2F18968%2Fspectroscopic-identification-of-organic-compounds"><i class="fa fa-twitter-square"></i><span>Twitter</span></a></li><li><a class="" target="_blank" title="Share on Facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fchemistry%2Fpage%2F18968%2Fspectroscopic-identification-of-organic-compounds&t=Spectroscopic+identification+of+organic+compounds"><i class="fa fa-facebook-square"></i><span>Facebook</span></a></li><li><a class="" href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fchemistry%2Fpage%2F18968%2Fspectroscopic-identification-of-organic-compounds"><i class="fa fa-linkedin-square"></i><span>LinkedIn</span></a></li><li><a class="" href="https://plus.google.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fchemistry%2Fpage%2F18968%2Fspectroscopic-identification-of-organic-compounds"><i class="fa fa-google-plus-square"></i><span>Google +</span></a></li><li><a class="" href="mailto:?subject=Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds&body=Spectroscopy (1H NMR, mass spectrometry and IR) was part of the core/AHL for the IB programme that was examined from 2003 – 2008 but was removed from the core/AHL for the last programme examined from 2009 – 2015. 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